Genre (s): Drama War History Action-Adventure. Through their efforts, the Monuments Men are able to recover and return tens of thousands of pieces of art, including the Altar of Ghent and the Bruges Madonna. Frank Stokes. Start Shopping. 0:58. Directed by George Clooney. Edsel and Bret Witter, and meld them into one cohesive story. In this stunning thriller based on actual events, Allied WWII-era art experts go behind. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on an unlikely World War II platoon, tasked by FDR with going into. Six Monuments Men are still living; Harry Ettlinger, Richard Barancik, Bernard Taper, Rouben Sami, Motoko Fujishiro Huthwaite and Anne Oliver Popham Bell. The Monuments Men: Directed by George Clooney. The movie creates fictionalized versions or composites of real members of the Monuments Men, starting with Frank Stokes (Clooney), a Harvard art historian who, as the film opens, makes the case to. Opening February 7 th, George Clooney’s exciting action drama. PG13. Full Videos , High Quality , Original GomoviesThe Monuments Men (2014) tech specs : shot on ARRI ALEXA Plus 4:3 Camera, ARRICAM Lite (LT) Camera and Angenieux Optimo 24-290mm T2. The film stars an ensemble cast including Clooney, Matt Damon, Bill Murray, John Goodman, Jean Dujardin, Bob Balaban, Hugh Bonneville, and Cate Blanchett. Stop. "Monuments Men" movie quotes tell the true story of a group of museum curators and artists tasked with stealing artwork back from the Nazis during World War II. George Clooney's new movie 'The Monuments Men' will premiere for Belgium in the St Bavo Cathedral in Ghent. Though the unit deactivated in Germany in 1950, the specialty remains in today’s United States Army Civil Affairs. 52 Metascore. This display describes the creation of the government commission that instigated and supported the MFAA and explores the experiences of a few of the real-life monuments men. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action-thriller focusing on an unlikely World War II platoon, tasked by FDR with going into Germany to rescue artistic masterpieces from Nazi thieves and returning them to their rightful owners. It is based on the history book The Monuments Men: Allied Heroes, Nazi Thieves and the Greatest Treasure Hunt in History by Robert M. The Other Monuments Men. Nestled within the Italian Alps, in the small village of San Leonardo, behind the doors of an abandoned jail cell, sat some of the world’s most cherished pieces of art. The mission becomes even more urgent when the team learns about Hitler's "Nero Decree," which orders. Stream It Or Skip It: ‘Robbing Mussolini’ on Netflix, an Italian Heist Movie That Gets WWII'ed. The Monuments Men is a 2014 war film directed by George Clooney, and written and produced by Clooney and Grant Heslov. During World War II, a group of art curators, historians and scholars form a ragtag team with one mission: recover stolen art before Hitler destroys it. Unavailable on an ad-supported plan due to licensing restrictions. His father was of. "THE MONUMENTS MEN"-- 2 STARS. Or fastest delivery Mon, Apr 10 . Etant un film léger et amusant, on fait le choix de voir un film basé sur une histoire incroyable qui aurait méritée de s'éloigner d'Hollywood et de ses supers productions pour être pris avec. It would be an impossible mission: with the art trapped behind. Menu. 3. The squad. On a enlevé le "The" parce que les français ne savent pas le prononcer. Walter Garfield (Goodman) Theatre Director Jean Claude Clermont- Frenchman Architect Preston Savitz -small guy with glasses French. Histoire vraie, tirée de faits réels. There, too, it was teamwork that led them to the cache of stolen art. It would be an impossible mission: with the art trapped behind. Some might ask if art is worth dying for. James Granger : How many men? Frank Stokes : For now, six. He then costarred in The Monuments Men (2014), which fictionalized Allied efforts to recover art stolen by the Nazis during World War II, and in The Gambler (2014), a remake of a 1974 drama about a man with a gambling problem. The Monuments Men: Shooting Blanks Over Our Heads. The Monuments Men opens on December 18th. THE MONUMENTS MEN is a profound, touching story. Scriptwriters George Clooney and Grant Heslov do this by creating new characters based on amalgams of the real-life. An unlikely World War II platoon is tasked to rescue art masterpieces from Nazi thieves and return them to their owners. In 1943, American. During World War II, the Nazis steal countless pieces of art and hide them away. Together, they tracked down. Examined. Gallery of 26 movie poster and cover images for The Monuments Men (2014). Share. Add time. During World War II, a group of art curators, historians and scholars form a ragtag team with one mission: recover stolen art before Hitler destroys it. There is very little drama surrounding that debate here, just a. Just ahead of the German invasion of the Soviet Union, they emptied and stashed more than two million works from the Hermitage. Edsel (with Bret Witter): Monuments Men Allied Heroes, Nazi Thieves and the Greatest Treasure Hunt in History, 496 pages, ISBN 1448183154. An unlikely. Two characters are caught in a crossfire. At Sotheby's, Lucian Simmons researches a painting's. . THE MONUMENTS MEN. Director George Clooney's star-studded WWII pic The. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on seven over-the-hill, out-of-shape museum directors, artists, architects, curators, and art historians who went to the front lines of WWII to rescue the world’s artistic masterpieces from Nazi thieves and. Looking to watch The Monuments Men? Find out where The Monuments Men is streaming, if The Monuments Men is on Netflix, and get news and updates, on Decider. Monuments Men. Drama, Suspense, Action & Adventure. TV Shows. The other day, Harry Ettlinger took a hired car from his home in Rockaway Township, New Jersey, to a screening at the Center. 30%. Find previews for action, drama, romance, comedy, fantasy, science-fiction, family, adventure, horror films and more!Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on seven over-the-hill, out-of-shape museum directors, artists, architects, curators, and art historians who went to the front lines of WWII to rescue the world’s artistic masterpieces from Nazi thieves and return them to their rightful owners. James Granger : Stop, stop. Starring a phenomenal ensemble cast led by Matt Damon and George Clooney and based on a true and untold story of World War II, The Monuments Men is a suspenseful ticking-clock adventure-thriller about a ragtag team of unlikely, but charismatic heroes, embarking on the greatest treasure hunt in history, taking on the seemingly impossible high-stakes. Blu-ray. Based on a true story set near the end of World War II, it stars George Clooney. Based on the true. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on seven over-the-hill, out-of-shape museum directors, artists, architects, curators, and art historians who went to the front lines of WWII to rescue the world’s artistic masterpieces from Nazi thieves and return them to their. Robert M. A crew of art historians and museum curators unite to recover renown works of art. The. The MFAA, nicknamed the Monuments Men came into existence in 1943, but the majority of its officers deployed the following year. He also serves as a Trustee at the National WWII Museum in New Orleans. $14. The movie attempts to take the many stories of the few Monuments Men who served in Europe, as recorded in the 2009 book of the same name by Robert M. Edsel, The Monuments Men: Allied Heroes, Nazi Thieves, and the Greatest Treasure Hunt in History. TV Shows. Film Review: “The Monuments Men” — Saving Great Art from the Nazis. James Granger : That's much better. One must admit that it's not very often that a film based on a true story has an identity crisis. 『 ミケランジェロ・プロジェクト 』( The Monuments Men )は、 ジョージ・クルーニー 監督・脚本・製作・出演による 2014年 の アメリカ のドラマ映画である。. Drama, History, War. Action. The "Monuments Men" were a group of approximately 345 men and women from thirteen nations, most of whom volunteered for service in the newly created MFAA section during World War II. ET. ISIS is waging a merciless war against Culture in portions of Iraq, Syria, Libya, and Egypt with the goal of creating a new world order by destroying centuries-old libraries and archaeological sites, places that conserve our heritage. IMDb 6. Of them, Mr. Edsel and Bret Witter, and meld them into one cohesive story. Another one of Da Vinci's most famous paintings, "Lady with an Ermine" was almost immediately seized by the Nazis after the German occupation of Poland in 1939. Richard Barancik was the last surviving member of the Monuments Men, a group of around 400 who worked to help protect, preserve, and return cultural items, art, and other significant. However, on October 22, 2013, the film was pushed back to February 2014, because issues balancing humor with. PG-13 1 hr 58 min Feb 4th, 2014 Action, History, Drama, War. This heist was conducted during World War II by the Nazis, under the leadership of the notorious Adolf Hitler. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Where does the movie start?, What war is taking place?, What is George Clooney (professor Stokes) worried about because of the war? and more. The Monuments Men. PG13. The Monuments Men ended up confiscating around 7% of Gurlitt's collection (about 100 paintings) but did not find the other 93% of the collection. Running time: 118 min. 2014. It would be an impossible mission: with the art trapped behind enemy. Stout, who arrived in Normandy, France in July 1944, were two of twelve Monuments Men who served near the front line during active combat and were each. Truth in 'The Monuments Men'. 2014 | Maturity Rating: 13+ | 1h 58m | Drama. Why is the angry officer guy angry at the Monuments Men (in the camp)? 4. GM C15TA. An unlikely World War II platoon is tasked to rescue art masterpieces from German thieves and return them to their owners. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, THE MONUMENTS MEN delivers thrilling action and priceless performances from an all-s…Subscribe to TRAILERS: to COMING SOON: us on FACEBOOK: Monuments Men Official U. Release year: 2014. The Real Monuments Men. PG-13. In The Monuments Men, George Clooney’s well-intentioned new film about a team of Allied soldiers attempting to protect and recover art plundered by the Nazis, the. Two stars. Of them, Mr. Unavailable on an ad-supported plan due to licensing restrictions. It takes incidents from the experiences of the real-life men who served in the. Audience Score. Overview. The real Monuments Men were men of great passion and senses of duty who risked their own lives for art, but the film Clooney and Heslov has made is an oddly bloodless and conventional tribute. The Monuments Men Rating & Content Info . The film, based on Robert M. 1 hr 58 mins. When questioned, Stahl said they were copies, however they weren't. The Monuments Men is rated PG-13 for some images of war violence and historical smoking. Ben-Ryan Davies. 99 $21. Release Date: 7 February 2014 (United States) Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on seven. 2. Movie Details Where to Watch Trailers Full Cast & Crew News Buy. George Clooney’s film, The Monuments Men, is the story of a squad of art experts, serving in. 2. STARZ delivers exclusive original series and the best Hollywood hits. What does the team find in Austria? a mine that appears to be demolished, only to discover that the entrances were blocked by the locals to prevent the Nazis from destroying the contents. While I don’t discount the excellent films that do master a more realistic technique, The Monuments Men clearly owes a great deal to Robert Aldrich‘s The Dirty Dozen. Edsel, George Clooney, who also directed,. The Monuments Men soundtrack (score) release date: February 4, 2014. ) "The Monuments Men" is an old-fashioned World War II movie, of a kind Hollywood used to churn out 50 years ago, back when the war was still a. (PG-13. Monuments Men, starring George Clooney, Matt Damon, Bill Murray, and Cate Blanchett and out today, is the story of the real men and women who attempted to rescue that cache. This past Thursday, the Museum hosted a webinar with The Monuments Men author Robert Edsel. In 1943, the Allied forces approved the formation of a new unit: the Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives Commission ( MFAA ). Movie News Wrap Up: March 12 2013. Leave it to George clooney to kick Hitler’s ass. Monuments Men Interviews & Movie Trailer. It’s all part of the retro fun and addictive adventure in. Hit the jump to watch the trailer. Dirigida por George Clooney. International · Documentary · Ambitious · Edifying. During World War II, a group of art curators, historians and scholars form a ragtag team with one mission: recover stolen art before Hitler destroys it. PG-13. 15+. 99. Roosevelt to create a government commission whose concerns would be the protection and conservation of art and cultural materials. Monuments men. com - Based on a true story, The Monuments Men is a theatrical account of a dangerous mission to save priceless works of art from the devastation ripping through World War II Europe. 6. High resolution official theatrical movie poster (#1 of 3) for The Monuments Men (2014). Cast. He has written three non-fiction books - Rescuing Da Vinci (2006), Monuments Men: Allied Heroes, Nazi Thieves and the Greatest Treasure Hunt in History (2007); and Saving Italy (2013) - chronicling the recovery of artwork stolen by Nazi Germany during World War. 1 hr 58 mins. Fandom. Barancik. Later movies included Trumbo, a biopic about blacklisted…. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on seven over-the-hill, out-of-shape museum directors, artists, architects, curators, and art historians who went to the front lines of WWII to rescue the world’s artistic masterpieces from Nazi thieves and return them to. The movie has an ensemble cast led by George Clooney as Lt. By Emily Greenhouse. The Monuments Men: Official Clip - Hitler's Museum 2:15 Added: August 4, 2022. In the midst of WWII a small group of art experts are commissioned by Roosevelt. 44Tomato. Robert Edsel is recognized today as one of the world’s foremost advocates for art preservation. compositor: Method Studios Kevin Ahern. 99HD; $13. Temperature conditions in the mines were consistently between 40 and 47 degrees Fahrenheit with 65 percent humidity, making them the perfect environment in which to hide valuable art. February 17, 2014 5:45 AM EST. 1:13. The Last of the Monuments Men. Starring: George Clooney, Matt Damon, Bill Murray. It would be an impossible mission: with the art. 99. During World War II, the Nazis steal countless pieces of art and hide them away. “He was fighting for the art,” said daughter Anne. Edsel. As the recently-opened movie Monuments Men plays around the country, there’s one macabre story you won’t see on the silver screen. Nino Moschella. The Monuments Men is a film about a group of soldiers tasked with protecting artwork throughout continental Europe from those who want to steal it during World War II. His focus now is the adventures of the “Monuments Men,” professors and scholars who raced to discover the location of billions of dollars of missing artwork taken from the great museums in Florence and Naples. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, THE MONUMENTS MEN centers around an unlikely World War II platoon, tasked with going into Germany to rescue artistic masterpieces from Nazi thieves and returning them to their rightful owners. Display options: 1944 Bedford QLD. In 'The Monuments Men' trailer, Clooney, Matt Damon, Cate Blanchett, and many more team up to save priceless artwork from the Nazis. 11 February 2014. . Clooney’s deep, calm voice seems to resonate through the center channel. It would be an impossible mission: with the art trapped behind enemy lines, and. The Monuments Men. View Test The Monuments Men. Historical drama, War118 Mins2014PG-13. The Monuments Men yts rip with small size and excellent quality. TV Shows. Write a critical analysis of. Match the following Monuments Men to their occupations: Frank Stokes (Clooney) Curator of the Met in New York City James Granger(Damon) Sculptor Richard Campbell (Murray) Professor/ leader of the M. 7, the. Some over-the-hill art scholars, historians, architects and other experts. Photograph: Claudette Barius/AP. Citroën unknown. The Monuments Men: Directed by George Clooney. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on an unlikely World War II platoon, tasked by FDR with going into Germany to rescue artistic masterpieces from German thieves and returning them to their rightful owners. [9]The Monuments Men: Film Review George Clooney, Matt Damon, Bill Murray, John Goodman, Jean Dujardin and Cate Blanchett enter the war zones of Europe in an attempt to rescue Western art from Hitler. With George Clooney, Matt Damon, Bill Murray, Cate Blanchett. Gail did not pursue a career in entertainment. Directed By. The Monuments Men Film and Book Discussion Questions. Frank gives a presentation to the President about the importance of protecting pieces of art amid the chaos of the current war. With George Clooney, Matt Damon, Bill Murray, Cate Blanchett. By Andy Crump Aug 8, 2013. The Monuments Men, a movie review by Niamh Mongey. It stars Justin Timberlake as a former college football star, now an ex-convict, who starts to mentor a young boy (Ryder Allen); Alisha Wainwright, June Squibb, and Juno Temple also star. In a race against time. In all, about 350 men and women from 14 countries served with the MFAA, according to Edsel, the founder and chairman of the board of the Monuments Men and Women Foundation. In the midst of WWII a small group of art experts are commissioned by Roosevelt as soldiers and sent to the european theater to protect historically important buildings and monuments, and to locate vast troves of priceless art looted by the nazis. The Monuments Men (2014) YTS Movie Torrent: Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on an unlikely World War II platoon, tasked. It is also possible to buy "The Monuments Men" on DIRECTV, Vudu, AMC on Demand, Apple TV, Amazon Video, Google Play Movies, YouTube, Microsoft Store as download or rent it on Apple TV, Amazon Video, Google Play Movies, YouTube, Vudu, Microsoft Store, DIRECTV. Kay Granger and Robert Edsel on how WWII group rescued 5 million works of stolen art from Nazis. 3. 9:30 PM. Here are 10 facts about some of these remarkable men and women. Monuments Men is a fairly recent film with the premise of a group of soldiers during World War II tasked with protecting the artwork within the continental Europe from those who want to take it. Directed by George Clooney. Starring a phenomenal ensemble cast led by Matt Damon and George Clooney and based on a true and untold story of World War II, The Monuments Men is suspenseful ticking-clock adventure-thriller about a ragtag team of unlikely, but charismatic heroes, embarking on the greatest treasure hunt in history, taking on the seemingly impossible high-stakes. Telling the story of Allied efforts to save art in Europe during World War II is Robert Edsel’s life’s work. THE MONUMENTS MEN is a true story based on the book by Brett Witter and Robert M. m. Full Review | Original Score: 2. The Monuments Men Foundation for the Preservation of Art's key sheds a light on the later exploits of the art experts who inspired the movie, some of whom went on to found and head some of the U. If George Clooney can rev up our righteous indignation decrying the barbarities of Joe McCarthy, why on earth couldn’t he become eloquent when it comes to talking about fighting to keep Hitler’s mitts off Michelangelo? Great art at risk: a scene from “The Monuments. Or fastest delivery Tue, Oct 10 . re yts. Clooney plays art historian Frank Stokes. What to Watch - In theaters & streaming. Almost as soon as they set foot in the country they were. That’s why Monuments Men are heroes because they save people’s way of life and gave many a reason to keep on living. In 1940, Hans Frank, the Governor. newsdesk. Nick Clooney. Pictures provided by: rberent, antp. CBN. Also stream The Monuments Men on your mobile, tablets and ipads. 30 $ 14. The film is based very loosely on the book The Monuments Men: Allied Heroes, Nazi Thieves and the Greatest Treasure Hunt in History by Robert Edsel and Bret Witter, which is about some of the real wartime activities of the Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives programme (MFAA). The Monuments Men tries to mix humour and drama, Dirty Dozen-style heroics and Ocean’s Eleven-esque charm, failing to ever properly land on one consistent tone or direction. I seem to have stepped on a land mine. Visit JustWatch for more information. At what points did these two directives conflict with each other, and how was that handled? 11. It tells of a group of soldiers tasked to locate and preserve pieces of art that have been stolen by the Nazis during World War II. Completion Status: MySynopsis. FREE delivery Thu, Oct 12 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon. The National Gallery of Art played a seminal role in its creation. Ces acteurs (ou autres) qui crachent sur leur film. ) portrays James Granger in the film, a character that was based on the real-life figure James Rorimer (l. The thing is, this is based on a book, The Monuments Men by Robert Edsel. 13+. Subscribe to TRAILERS: to COMING SOON: us on FACEBOOK: us on TWITTER: Monuments Men. . It’s about the remains of German leaders, including Frederick the Great. John Goodman turns in a moving performance in The. visual effects editor Lucy Ainsworth-Taylor. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie Spotlight. These brave men and women who sacrificed to protect our history understood that well and are rightfully honored in this film. The Monuments Men soundtrack (score) release date: February 4, 2014. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on an unlikely World War II platoon, tasked by FDR with going into Germany to rescue artistic masterpieces from Nazi thieves and returning them to their rightful owners. By Emily Greenhouse. Screenplay. mx yts. Check out the official trailer for The Monuments Men (2014). Starts 08/30/2021 Expires 01/01/2030. Also boasting the top-tier, star-studded cast of its day, the character-focused WWII drama takes a similarly noble look at old-fashioned heroics, shot with a vibrant palette. Avec Monuments Men on a donc un film divertissant, maladroit, au casting cinq étoiles qui prend quelques largeurs d'un point de vue historique. Overview. These “monuments men” were part of the military’s Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives (MFAA) program. Nick Clooney was born on January 13, 1935 in Maysville, Kentucky, USA as Nicholas Joseph Clooney. Some blood is seen after injuries occur. Unavailable on an ad-supported plan due to licensing restrictions. In all, about 350 men and women from 14 countries served with the MFAA, according to Edsel, the founder and chairman of the board of the Monuments Men and Women Foundation. The Madonna of Bruges was rescued by Monuments Men in 1945 from a salt mine in the Austrian town of Altaussee. The Monuments Men. The Monuments Men. George Clooney, Matt Damon, Bill Murray, John Goodman, Jean Dujardin and Cate Blanchett enter the war zones of Europe in an attempt to rescue Western art from. . This. They need to protect the art and find the missing ones. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men is an action drama focusing on seven over-the-hill. PG-13. 1h 37mlength. Voir plus de listes. The Monuments Men (Blu-Ray +DVD) 4. It was going to be a tough job. Leave it to George clooney to kick Hitler’s ass. At the outbreak of war, the last thing on the minds of politicians was the destruction and plunder of art and monuments in Europe: in America however, art historians and museum directors, like Francis Henry Taylor of the. Release. The Monuments Men. Starring George Clooney, Matt Damon, Bill Murray. 66 (106 used & new offers) DVD. The Review: The story behind Monuments Men, about a team of soldiers sent into the European war zone towards the end of World War II to protect and retrieve art, is an interesting one. Scriptwriters George Clooney and Grant Heslov do this by creating new characters based on amalgams of the real-life. A crew of art historians and museum curators unite to recover renown works of art. Hollywood later developed the book into a major motion picture. IMDb 6. 2014. Details. 4K. 31 likes. Monuments Men est un film de George Clooney. With George Clooney, Matt Damon, Bill Murray, Cate Blanchett. Edsel, with Bret Witter, narrates the background, actions, and achievements of these soldiers. Best Price. In February 1952, as Europe rebuilt after World War II, Ardelia Ripley Hall arrived in Bonn, Germany, to play her part in a bold American military mission that had begun about a. The way they hopped around did make it a tad fuzzy in terms of where people were. It primarily centers on the story of Frank Stokes, played by George Clooney, and how he is able to. The thing is, this is based on a book, The Monuments Men by Robert Edsel. O n a cold Saturday night a few. Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas. The Monuments Men Review. STARZ delivers exclusive original series and the best Hollywood hits. That's what made it the perfect depot for hiding Nazi stolen art. lt yts. Monuments Men (2014) Director: George Clooney. Parents need to know that The Monuments Men is a fact-based war drama that feels like a cross between Ocean's Eleven and Saving Private Ryan and features some of the same. Ahead of the film. Based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history, The Monuments Men focuses on an unlikely World War II platoon, tasked by FDR to go into Germany, rescue artistic masterpieces from Nazi thieves and return them to their rightful owners. to watch in your location. It was the greatest art heist in history. George Clooney has started to work on his next project, writing, directing and starring in a big-budget movie about the men who chased down the stolen art of Europe during World War II. Movies. Older Stokes. The Monuments Men 2014 | Maturity Rating: PG-13 | 1h 58m | Drama Unavailable on an ad-supported plan due to licensing restrictions. Listes. 2014 | Maturity Rating: PG-13 | 1h 58m | Drama. There's an appropriately underplayed sequence of the men discovering a wooden barrel filled with tiny, misshapen bits of gold, then riding a freight elevator in silence as they think about where the bits came from. Edsel (with Bret Witter): Monuments Men Allied Heroes, Nazi Thieves and the Greatest Treasure Hunt in History, 496 pages, ISBN 1448183154. 1943 GMC CCKW 352. It tells of a group of soldiers tasked to locate and preserve pieces of art that have been stolen by the Nazis during World War II.